Record controlled printing apparatus



March 15, 1949.

E. J. RABENDA ET AL RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 16 Sheets-Sheet Filed Jan. 24, 1946 INVENTORS Eid FA BENDA Fd. -/EMAN BY ATTORNEY March 15, 1949. E. J. RABENDA ETAL 2,464,603

RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 16 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 24, 1946 I Arnm March 15, 1949. E. J. RABENDA ET Al. 2,464,608

RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 16 Sheets-Sheet 3 A MM Y mi NMR R EHU O vF may w EF A Y B w;

Filed Jan. 24, 1946 u Illa March 15, 1949. E, 1 RABENDA ETAL 2,464,608

RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 4 l5 N VE NTO R5 50 EL//PABENDA B Y F FUR/44N ATTORNEY March 15, 1949. E. J. RABENDA ErAL. 2,464,608

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[.|F N.m A QQ & Rmx m\ ma. h MQ INVENTORS L/AABENDA FU FUR/WIN BY n ATTORNEY March 15, 1949. E. J; RABENDA ErAL 2,464,608

RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 16 sheets-sheet 7 0 Q .N .QE

E. J. RABENDA I'AL RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS @Malzch 15, 1949.

Filed Jan. 24, 1946 `lVLiu'Cl'l 15, 1949. E 1 RABENDA ET AL 2,464,608

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A RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 9 WKZ/f F ATTORNEY Sr t e n n a Q a m a R R n R a 9 S a R mm R a E a n e a n s ESNN- ::III: Il SNA 1\l .IJ EM TBR lq\ wh U .h Sn u Sq Sn www QM. WQ M2252 utzzum wzorcm Nuvi. 2.22.56 ozruEz. grow IEF n.. R m a w S R s. S a. R. 2 2 n. v2 n a (MQW 2 .m u mw m hmvmmm.: H N- nmvm. L mZ-mw t uz m.. w m *wmmm mm of n.. v2 um: o# mmwm- ...15:2 .oz $.58 .GS :z: zomumw .E j :m ozuwzzm nmxnzn twnu 22.533 mainz 526%.. wuxw .oz .uzn uxQz .52.. WWFQHIQI- i 02.5. mmx3 z uuzuacuw om@ m. o2 ou .N. .x .o2 quemo enum. n x 1:15.52 no .zm Gau.: '413k M arch 15, 1949,

E. 1. RABENDA ET Al. 2,464,608

RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS ATTO RN EY Liu All.

16 Sheets-Sheet ll Wwf m M f e d c 6 r i a ,n 7 5 555J 5 5 5 5 5 5 54 MM a n n 5 7 4 mmf @y .w V III Il I Il lll Ill l III III III Ill 5 umnmhmn un fr. @Trl OT. @Trl OT E. J. RABENDA ET AL RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Wad WAP/4 March l5, 1949.

Filed Jan. 24, 1946 I ra 5 ULP? 27g-55d, g5-

'INVENToRs l EMR/IEE/VDA FJFUFPMAN BY ,M/J

ATTORNEY March 15', 1949.

E. J. RABENDA ET AL RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet l2 FAM R436 mi fas -369 5MM me f/ca/u FIGSC.

ATTRNEY March l5, 1949.

E. .1. RABENDA ET AL 2,454,608 RECORD CQNTRLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 13 FIGSd.

ATTORNEY Mprch 15, 1949.

Filed Jan. 24, 1946 E. J. RABENDA ET AL. 2,464,608

RECORD CONTHOLLED PRINTING APPARATUS 1e sheets-sheet v15 llarh 15, 1949.

E. J. RABENDA T'AL RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 24., 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 Patented Mar. 15, 1949 RECORD CONTROLLED PRINTING APPARATUS Edward J. Rabenda, Poughkeepsie, and Frank J.

Furman, Endicott, N. Y., assignors to International Business Machines Corporation, New York. N Y., a corporation of New York Application January 24, 1946, Serial No. 643,188

25 Claims. l

This invention relates generally to record controlled printing apparatus, and more particularly to apparatus of this type which operates to print desired character data on a copy sheet under the control of code designations representing such character data and recorded according to a predetermined code system in a suitable record sheet. Also recorded in the record sheet, are code designations representing, respectively, different functional operations of the apparatus which are necessary for printing the character data on the copy sheet.

An object of the present invention is to provide record controlled printing apparatus of the type referred to which is of improved construction and arrangement of parts and one which may be easily operated by a person with very little training and one which operates to print accurately the recorded data at a relatively rapid rate.

A further object is to provide record controlled printing apparatus which is highly flexible in its operation and one wherein coded character data recorded in a record sheet may be printed on a copy sheet and arranged thereon in different preselected ways.

A further object is to provide an improved form of record controlled printing apparatus which operates to print in a preselected fashion on a copy sheet the character data recorded in code in the conventional statistical record card used in the well known electrical accounting machine system.

A further object is to provide novel apparatus of the type referred to. wherein is provided an improved timing control means whereby the various steps in each operating cycle are effected in proper sequence and with a minimum of delay.

A further object is to provide a novel form of record controlled apparatus which operates in successive cycles to print data on a copy sheet under the control of code designations in a record sheet and wherein the completion of one operating cycle is assured before the next operatinar cycle is begun and wherein a novel interlocking control is provided which functionswhen a functional operation of the apparatus that requires a longer than normal time for its completion is being effected in one operating cycle, to prevent the beginning of the next operating cycle until such functional operation has been completed.

A further object is to provide in apparatus of the type referred to, an improved means for selectively inserting typewritten data in a copy sheet at predetermined character space positions.

A further object is to provide record controlled printing apparatus which operates under the selective control of code designations recorded in two different record sheets. A

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which di-sclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan View showing one preferred embodiment of record controlled printing apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention:

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section taken along the lines 2-2 of Fig. 1, this section 'being through the record card sensing mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical 4section taken along the lines 3--3 of Fig. 1, and showing the card ejecting mechanism at the left-hand end of the sensing unit;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section showing the details of the clutch mechanism and the related drive motor for effecting the return of the card carriage;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view showing the cut-out control device of the card feeding mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view showing the details of the card carriage escapement mechanism:

Fig. '7 is a detail view showing the skip magnet and the mechanism controlled thereby;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on the lines 8 8 of Fig. 1 and showing the sensing mechanism for a master card and also showing the reading strip for eilecting certain control operations at selected card column reading positions, the scale appearing above the reading strip representing the different card column reading positions;

Fig. 9 shows a fragment of a record card in which is recorded all of the code designations of a selected 12-positlon code system used herein in explaining the operation of the illustrative embodiment;

Fig. 10 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the typewriter, the section being taken on the section line llt-I0 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged plan sectional view showing al portion of the back of the typewriter with certain of the parts being omitted and other parts broken away so as to illustrate more clearly the tabulating mechanism for the typewriter carriagend certain of the control devices which opete at selected character space positions of the carriage;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line I2-ii2 of Fig. ll;

Fig. 13 is a vertical elevation showing in full lines one of the control stops and indicating in dash lines the positions of the contact operating tabs on the other two control stops;

Fig. 14 is a face view of a detail record card showing certain data recorded therein as code designations, the data having been selected and the code designations thereof arranged for the purpose of disclosing the operation of the apparatus according to a typical selected problem;

Fig. 15 is a face view showing a second detail card also having certain data recorded therein as code designations and which are also used in explaining the operation of the apparatus according to the selected problem;

Fig. 16 is a face view of a master card having code designations of data recorded therein for the purposes of explaining the operation of the apparatus in accordance with the selected problem;

Fig. 17 is a face view of a copy sheet bearing two lines of typewritten data and illustrating the manner in which the particular data recorded as code designations in the record cards of Figs. 14, l5, and 16 are printed by the illustrative embodiment, the scale appearing along the bottom edge of the copy sheet indicating the location of the character space positions of the typewriter with relation to the typewritten matter on the copy sheet;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary view illustrating somewhat diagrammatically the design of a skip bar which is used in controlling the operation of the record card sensing mechanism when reading the coded data on the cards of Figs. 14, 15, and 16 for the purpose of controlling the printing of such data on the copy sheet of Fig. 1'7; the scale appearing beneath the skip bar indicating the record column sensing positions of the card carriage with relation to the particular conguration of the skip bar;

Figs. 19a to 19j, inclusive, comprise, when arranged in sequence and in end-to-end relation, a complete Wiring diagram of the record controlled printing apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 20 shows a face view of a plug-board with a predetermined arrangement of plug.connec tions thereon in full lines, the plug connections shown being for the purpose of effecting the operation of the illustrative embodiment when typing the particular data disclosed in Fig. 17 under the control of the record cards shown in Figs. 14, 15, and 16.

1 General description writer 200 contains necessary circuit wires for' controlling the operation of the apparatus.

Cil

As will appear more fully hereinafter, the illustrative embodiment also comprises an electric translating means which is conditioned or adjusted, in response to the sensing of each code designation by the unit 20, to provide an operating circuit which when closed, effects the printing of the particular character data, or the particular functional operation, which is represented by the sensed code designation. The translating means is of the electrical relay type and does not appear in Fig. 1 because a detailed structural showing of translator relays, associated contacts and connecting circuit wires would be of very little aid in disclosing the invention. However, the elements of the translating means are more properly disclosed as a part of the complete circuit Wiring diagram which is shown in Figs. 19a to 19! inclusive, and will be described in detail hereinafter.

As will be evident from the following description, the illustrative embodiment is well adapted for a wide variety of uses. For exampley the apparatus may be used to list in a preselected columnar form, statistical data of the type recorded in statistical record cards used in electrical accounting machine systems. As another typical example, the illustrative embodiment is well adapted to automatically type a letter, article or similar composition, under the control of code designations representing the component characters thereof and which have been previously recorded in record cards of the type mentioned. Other uses of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

The control record As explained hereinabove, the operation of the typewriter 200 is controlled by the successive sensing of code designations which have been recorded in a record sheet according to a predetermined code system. While it will be appreciated that, in so far as the broader aspects of the present invention are concerned, the form of the record sheet and the code system selected may be of any desired kind which is suitable for the purpose, the operation of the particular apparatus disclosed herein is controlled by code designations recorded in the conventional column statistical record card used in the well known electrical accounting machine system referred to, and the cord used is generally the same as the 12-position code commonly used in such systems. Fig. 9 discloses all of the code designations of the l2-position code used herein, and Figs. 14, l5, and 16 show three examples of statistical record cards of the type mentioned, wherein certain selected data has been recorded in accordance with the l2position code of Fig. 9.

Figs. 14 and 15 show selected examples of record cards which are referred to herein as detail" cards and are designated as DC-I and DC-2, respectively, and Fig. 16 shows an example of a. card referred to herein as a "master" card and designated as MC-I. As will appear more fully hereinafter, both a master card and detail record cards may be used in controlling the operation of the illustrative embodiment. Each of the cards is provided with 80 vertical record columns and each column is composed of twelve index point positions. T'he numerals extending along the bottom of each card in Figs. 14. l5, and 16 indicate, respectively, the location of the 80 vertically disposed record columns, and the numerals extending in vertical rows designate, re-

spectively. the twelve index point positions composing the record columns.

As 1ated,-all of the code designations of the 12hole"'code system used herein to control the operation of the illustrative embodiment are shown in Fig. 9. 'Ihe twelve index point positions o'f the code are indicated by the vertical rows of numerals along the two side edges of the record card in Fig. 9. Numerals representing the location of the record columns have been omitted from Fig. 9. As shown, the code designations representing the various character data to be printed and the functional operations to be effected comprise one or more code holes punched in the index point positions of the record columns. I'he code hole designation in each record column represents a single character or functional operation. In vertical alignment with each code hole designation representing character data and above the top edge of the card in Fig. 9, appear two legends. As is apparent, the upper legend of each two is the upper case character and the lowerlegend is the lower case character. As will appear more fully hereinafter, when each character code hole designation is sensed a type bar carrying both an upper and a lower case character is actuated. The type bars are mounted in a type basket which is shiftable to upper case and lower case positions. Upon actuation of a type bar with the type basket in its normal or lower case position, the lower case character on such bar is printed and with the type basket shifted toupper case position the upper case character is printed. As the upper and lower case positions of the type basket do not adect the functional operations of the apparatus, they have no significance in considering the code hole designations representing such operations.

Record sensing unit 'I'he unit 20 comprises a card carriage and a means for successively feeding detail record cards into the carriage. When operating, the card carriage is moved along step-by-step to sense successively the record columns of the card in the carriage. When the operation desired requires a master card, such a card is manually placed in the card carriage andis stepped along with the detail card. Both a detail card and a master card sensing means are provided and they operate to sense simultaneously corresponding record columns in the two cards as the card carriage is stepped along. The unit also comprises a column position control means referred to herein as the reading strip" and which is provided with eighty column reading positions corresponding, respectively, to the record columns of the cards. The reading strip functions to control preselected printing and functional operations of the apparatus at any desired card column reading position of the card carriage. The structural details of the record sensing unit will now be described.

Detail card feeding means-Referring to Fig. 1, the detail record cards DC to be sensed or analyzed are placed in a magazine designated |20 from which they are advanced singly by means of a picker I2I toward the left to present their rst record column to a card sensing position above the detail card sensing brushes designated |32 (also see Fig. 2). In this position, the re- 'ciprocable card carriage comprising a pusher I3 and a forward guide I4 engages the card and advances it, step-by-step. under control of the escapement mechanism to be described later. Pusher I3 and guide I4 are carried by an escapement rack I5 which also forms a part of the card carriage, and the picker knife I2I is carried by a rack bar I6. Rack I5 has a gear I1 meshing with its lower edge (see Fig. 2) and rack bar I6 has a gear I3 (see Fig. 4) meshing with its upper edge, both gears being mounted on a cross shaft I9 (see Fig. l). Due to this connection between the elements, the movement of rack bar- IG and picker I2I toward the left, as viewed in Fig. l, is accompanied by movement to the right of rack I5, pusher I3, and forward guide Il. At the commencement of a card feeding operation, the picker I2I and pusher I3 are in positions as shown in Fig. 1.

The operation of card feeding Just outlined is more fully explained in Patent No. 1,772,186 granted to F. L. Lee et al. for a duplicating punching machine. The escapement mechanism referred to herein is of the same general nature as that disclosed in the Schai Patent No. 1,426,- 223 and a brief description thereof will be given later.

Secured to the under side of the base of the machine is a motor 22 (Fig. 4) coupled to a stub shaft 23 (see Fig. 2), to which is secured a worm 24 in mesh with a worm wheel 24a secured to a shaft 2lb, one end of which has secured thereto a ratchet-shaped clutch element 25. Loosely mounted on shaft 2lb is a gear 26 meshing with teeth on the lower edge of rack bar I5 and on which gear is mounted a disk 21 (Fig. 4). Mounted upon disk 21 is a clutch mechanism generally designated by the reference character 23, one element of which is provided with a pin 23 positioned for engagement by a finger 30 integral with the armature 3| of a trip magnet 32. With the machine at rest, the parts occupy the position shown in Fig. 4 and, when magnet 33 is energized, the finger 30 will operate the clutching mechanism to couple the disk 21 to the rotating ratchet 25, so that the disk 21 and gear 26 are rotated counterclockwise to drive the rack bar I6 toward the left. The clutching mechanism 23 is constructed, as explained in greater detail in the patents referred to, so as to remain in engagement for substantially a complete revolution, at the completion of which time the clutching mechanism engages a fixed member 33, which effects uncoupling of the parts, whereby they may automatically return to the position shown in Fig. 4 under the influence of a spring not shown). This power drive of rack bar I5 toward the left has the same effect as the manual movement thereof explained in said Patent No. 1,772,186, that is, a detail card DC will be advanced to sensing position and the pusher I3 will engage the same for further step-by-step advancement, and rack bar I8 may thereafter return to its home position without disturbing the advanced position of the card or pusher I3, this being permitted by the one-way clutch structure 23.

Also integral with the amature 3| of the trip magnet 32 is an arm 34 (see Fig. 2), the free end of which is adapted to bear upon the center blade of pairs of latch contacts 35 and 35 to open the former and close the latter when trip magnet 32 is energized, and they will be maintained in such shifted position by a latching bell crank 31, the

function will be more fully explained in connection with the circuit diagram.

c'nt means-When the detail card is ln position above the sensing brushes |22 (Fig. 2), further advance is controlled by the escapement .mechanism which in turn is responsive to the energization of escape magnet 40. Upon energization of magnet 40, its armature 4I will be rocked about a pivot in a clockwise direction and through a screw 42 secured to rod 43 will rock the rod 43 counterclockwise, as shown in Fig. 2, against the tension of a spring 44. The rod 43 is rocked as an incident to each spacing operation and has secured to one end thereof oppositely extending arms 45, 46 (see also Fig. 6), of which arm 46 is provided with a laterally extending pin for engagement with an enlarged opening in a stepping dog 41 which is loosely pivoted on rod 43. Opposite arm 45 is provided with a pin extending into a slot formed in the locking dog 4B. When rod 43 is rocked (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 6, counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 2) arm 46 will, through its pin and slot connection with dog 41, lift the latter out of one of the notches of the rack I and at the same time arm 45 will depress locking dog 4I into a notch between the rack teeth. At this time a spring 49 advances the loosely pivoted dog 41 a short distance just sucient to permit this dog to move above the top of the next tooth. When the locking dog 48 is again raised due to the deenergizing of magnet 40, stepping dog 41, due to the movement of rack I5, will ride down along the next tooth until it strikes the end thereof and the carriage is thereby arrested. The usual spring drum (not shown) is provided to bias the rack I5 toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 6. The detailed structure of this dog and rack arrangement is well known and need not be further described, and it is suilicient to note that for each operation of the escape magnet 4I. the rack I5 is advanced one step or tooth, carrying with it the pusher I3 and the forward guide I4, so that the card is likewise advanced one step, each step of advancement being coextensive with the columnar spacing of the columns of the card.

Skip control means-The machine can be provided with the usual skip bar indicated at 50 (Figs. 6, '1, and 18) which is removably attached to the escapement rack I5 at one side thereof and provided with suitable notches 50a and high portions 50h separated by cam surfaces 50c, which cooperate with the usual skip lifter arm 5i which has a. beveled end 52 (Fig. 7). The function of this skip bar 50 is to effect skipping of the card carriage and card over the record columns or fields which are not to be sensed. The right-hand end of the lifter 5I (see Fig. '7) is connected to the left-hand end of a slider 53 and the right-hand end of the latter is provided with an opening into which the free end of a nger 54 extends. This finger is integral with armature 55 of skip magnet 56, the Aarmature being pivoted at 51. With this arrangement, energization of magnet 56 will cause lateral shifting of skip lifter 5I. Upon deenergization of magnet 56, the parts are returned to normal position by a spring 56. The left-hand end of the lifter 5I, as viewed in Fig. 7, lies under the escapement dog 41 and upon energizing the skip magnet 56 the lifter 5I is moved toward the left and the beveled portion 52 thereof will engage the bar 66 and thereby cam the lifter 5I upward. If a notch portion 50a lies opposite the lifter when the magnet 56 is energized, the upward movement of the left-hand end of lifter 5| will not be sumcient to engage the dog 41; but, if a high portion 50h lies opposite the lifter, the latter will be raised high enough to engage the dog 41 and lift the latter out of engagement with the rack l5 and thereby effect skipping movement of the card carriage which will continue until the lifter 5I falls within the next notch 50a. Thus, the skip bar 5|) will be so formed, or cut, that a high portion 5llb will lie opposite the lifter 5I when the card carriage is in the card column reading positions which are intended to be skipped. An effective and preferable manner of controlling a skipping operation, is to energize the skip magnet 56 while the card carriage is at the column reading position immediately preceding the group of columns intended to be skipped. This will result in the lifter 5I being moved laterally over the top of the bar at a notch 50a which will require a relatively small amount of force to be exerted by the skip magnet 56. With the parts in this position, the energizing of the escape magnet 46 at the end of the sensing operation will raise the dog 41 in the manner previously described to effect an escape movement of the card carriage. As the card carriage moves to the next reading position, the lifter 5I will rst engage a cam surface 5I|c and then a high portion 5llb, which will result in the lifter 5I being raised still higher and thus engage the dog 41 and prevent the dog 41 from reengaging the rack I5 and stopping movement of the card carriage. The skipping movement will continue until the next notch 50a is reached, where the lifter 5I will move to a lower position and thereby permit the dog 41 to engage the rack and stop the card carriage. Located above skip lifter 5I is a pair of contacts 59 which are opened when the lifter arm 5I is raised by virtue of engagement with a high portion 56h of skip bar 50. The contacts 59 are referred to hereinafter as the skip lifter contacts and the purpose of these contacts will be fully explained in connection with the circuit diagram.

Release control means-A further means by which the card may be advanced is controlled by a release magnet designated 60 (Fig. 2) which. when energized, will rock its armature 6I about pivot 62 causing the free end of an integral nger 63 to depress a vertical rod 64 shown as being in the shape of a key. The mechanism controlled by this rod or key 64 is well known in this type of machine and is briefly as follows. When the rod 64 is depressed, the lower end thereof rocks a bell crank 65 and thus slides a member 66 toward the right as viewed in Fig. 2. This member 66 is suitably mounted for such movement, and is provided at its left-hand end with a cam surface 61 which coacts with the edge 66 of the supporting plate. The member 66 also extends beneath the skip lifter` 5I in a position generally as indicated in Fig. 7, so that as the member 66 is moved toward the right (Fig. 2), cam surface 61 engaging plate 68 will cause an upward tilting of the left end of the member 66 which in turn will lift the skip lifter arm 5I upward and against the stepping dog 41, whereupon the rack I5 and card carriage will be free to advance uninterruptedly toward the left. Frictional engagement of the parts will maintain the member 66 in its shifted position so that the escapement of the rack, when initiated by the release magnet 60, will not be interrupted until the card has been fully advanced, 

